The Antarctic Plate is one of Earth’s 7 major plate tectonic boundaries. In terms of size, it’s the fifth largest being slightly smaller than the African Plate.
If you study the geography of most tectonic plate boundaries, they generally consist of both oceanic and continental crust.
Not only does the Antarctic Plate contains the entire continent of Antarctic, but it includes most of the surrounding ocean. In addition, it borders the South American Plate, Indo-Australian Plate, African Plate and the Pacific Plate.
Was the Antarctic Plate part of Gondwana?
The Antarctic major plate holds the entire continent of Antarctica including its surround oceanic crust. This plate shares boundaries with the African, Australian, Pacific and South American Plate.
If you could rewind time 200 million years in the past, Earth was one giant supercontinent landmass “Pangaea”. Then, it tore apart into two separate pieces Laurasia and Gondwana. This is all part of the supercontinent cycle that Earth has experienced several times in the past.
Antarctica was once grouped as part of the supercontinent Gondwana with Australia and India. But about 100 million years ago, Antarctica broke apart to its current frigid location in the south pole.
References:
1. Jiang, Wei-Ping; E, Dong-Chen; Zhan, Bi-Wei; Liu, You-Wen (2009). “New Model of Antarctic Plate Motion and Its Analysis”. Chinese Journal of Geophysics. 52 (1): 23–32. doi:10.1002/cjg2.1323.
Great description. The subduction zones and ridges are clear on the other plates but where are these around the Antarctic plate?