The 7 Major Tectonic Plates of the World Earth has 7 major plate tectonic boundaries and 10 or so minor ones. Plate tectonics have deceptively slow movement. Just centimeters each year. But they’re never idle. […]
PLATE TECTONICS TYPES: Divergent, Convergent and Transform Plates Earth has 7 major plate tectonic boundaries and 10 or so minor ones. Each tectonic plate boundary can interact with each other in 3 ways: Divergent plates […]
Pangea Ultima: The Next Supercontinent Earth is on autopilot. It has the potential to support life for over a billion years longer. Eventually, continental drift will assemble another supercontinent called Pangea Ultima. The universe’s age […]
Isostatic Rebound: Glacial Depression Only about 10,000 years ago, ice covered all of Canada. Mountains made of ice pushed down on the continent with immense pressure. For example, the Hudson Bay may have depressed over […]
Glaciers chisel away the land like a rake Like a rake scraping the dirt, glaciers leave a lasting impression on the land. During the last ice age, glaciers scraped away Canadian rock dumping most of […]
Grand Canyon Geology: Rock Superposition Rocks tell us about colliding continents, meandering streams and volcanic eruptions. In the case of the Grand Canyon, the multi-layered strata provide insight to the age of the Earth. Like […]
Earth Age: How Old is the Planet? Geologic time seems to be a Goliath that many of us David earth scientists wrestle with. Earth is a staggering 4.5 billion years old. Despite the challenges of […]
The supercontinent cycle One continent. One ocean. If you had a time capsule and traveled back in time 200 million years ago, you’d experience Earth as one the supercontinent of Pangea. From coast to coast, […]
Hydrocarbons, oil and coal formation in general are made from living organisms that have been compacted from intense heat and pressure millions of years ago. […]
Despite the popular belief that groundwater exists as a huge lake underground, water actually exists in tiny pore spaces within rock and soil beneath our feet. […]
Sedimentary rocks form from two key processes. First, compaction squeezes material together. Second, cementing glues the squeezed material together. […]
When convergent plates collide, the lithosphere thrusts upwards. This geologic process of vertical upheaving are orogenies or mountain building events. […]
From the remarkable process of plates colliding and building mountains. They are only to be dismantled by mass wasting (weathering, erosion and transport). […]
If you take an existing rock and add immense heat or pressure to it, the rock becomes soft and pliable like cookie dough transforming into metamorphic rocks. […]
Volcanoes are the foundation for igneous rocks. When volcanoes erupt, magma and lava spews out. After cooling and solidifying, they become igneous rocks. […]
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